C++ is a high - performance and powerful programming language. This Skill Tree offers a systematic way to learn C++. Tailored for programmers aiming to master object - oriented and systems programming, it provides a well - structured roadmap to grasp C++ syntax, memory management, and the Standard Template Library. Hands - on, non - video courses and coding exercises in an interactive C++ playground help you develop practical skills in writing efficient and robust C++ programs.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
BASICS
Foundational concepts of C++ programming, covering variables, data types, operators, booleans, arrays, strings, and basic conditions.
Variables are used to store data in C++. They have a specific data type and can hold values that can be changed during program execution.
Data types define the type of data that a variable can hold, such as int, double, char, etc., and determine how the data is stored and manipulated.
Operators in C++ are used for performing various operations on data, such as arithmetic, logical, and relational operations.
Booleans represent true or false values and are used for making logical decisions in C++ programs.
Arrays are collections of elements of the same data type, allowing you to store and manipulate multiple values under a single variable name.
Strings are sequences of characters used for working with text data in C++, and they have built-in functions for text manipulation.
CONTROL FLOW
Control flow concepts in C++, including conditional statements (if...else), switch, loops (for and while), and flow control with break and continue statements.
Conditions in C++ are used to make decisions in the program flow, allowing different actions to be taken based on specified conditions.
The if...else statement is used to execute different code blocks based on whether a specified condition is true or false.
The switch statement allows you to select one of many code blocks to be executed, based on the value of a given expression.
The for loop is used for iterating over a range of values or elements, executing a set of statements a specified number of times.
The while loop repeats a set of statements as long as a specified condition is true, allowing for flexible looping.
The break statement is used to exit a loop prematurely, while the continue statement skips the rest of the current iteration and proceeds to the next.
FUNCTIONS
Concepts related to functions in C++, including function parameters, function overloading, recursion, classes, objects, class methods, access specifiers, constructors, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
Function parameters are variables used to pass data to a function, allowing the function to work with different input values.
Function overloading enables the definition of multiple functions with the same name but different parameter lists, improving code readability.
Recursion is a technique where a function calls itself, often used for solving problems that can be broken down into smaller, similar subproblems.
OOP
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) concepts in C++, encompassing classes, objects, class methods, access specifiers, constructors, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
Classes serve as blueprints for creating objects, while objects are instances of classes that encapsulate data and behavior.
Class methods are functions defined within a class and are used to perform operations on class attributes.
Access specifiers (public, private, protected) determine the visibility and access level of class members in C++.
Constructors are special member functions used to initialize class objects, providing a way to set initial values.
Encapsulation is the concept of bundling data and methods that operate on that data into a single unit, known as a class.
Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class, promoting code reusability.
Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common base class, facilitating code flexibility and extensibility.
ADVANCED CONCEPTS
Advanced C++ concepts, including pointers, references, structures, exceptions, templates, and more.
Pointers are variables that store memory addresses, enabling dynamic memory allocation and manipulation.
References provide an alternative way to alias variables, offering a level of indirection without the complexity of pointers.
Structures allow you to create user-defined data types that can contain members of different data types.
Exceptions are used for handling runtime errors and exceptional situations, improving program robustness.
Templates are used for generic programming, allowing the creation of functions and classes that work with multiple data types.
I/O AND FILE HANDLING
Input and output operations in C++, including console output, user input, and file handling.
Output in C++ refers to displaying data or results to the console or other output streams, typically using cout.
User input is the process of accepting data or values from the user during program execution, often using cin.
File handling involves reading from and writing to external files, allowing data to be stored persistently.
STANDARD LIBRARY
The C++ Standard Library provides a wide range of pre-defined functions, containers, and algorithms for common programming tasks.
The Standard Library includes mathematical functions and constants for common mathematical operations.
String manipulation functions in the Standard Library offer a variety of tools for working with strings.
Standard containers such as vectors, lists, and maps provide data structures for storing and manipulating collections of data.
SYNTAX AND STYLE
Coding style and conventions, including comments and code formatting guidelines.
Comments are used to provide explanatory notes within the code, enhancing code readability and understanding.
Code formatting involves following a consistent style and indentation to improve code readability and maintainability.